Vivid Ready

Medical and health

Recognise sepsis

The highest-consequence recognition task in this whole app. Sepsis kills fast, it hides behind ordinary illness, and the single most useful thing you can do is say the word out loud to whoever is assessing the patient.

Of everything in this app, this is the page most likely to change an outcome, and it teaches recognition rather than treatment. There is no home treatment for sepsis. What there is, is the difference between reaching help early and reaching it late, and that difference is measured in hours.

Why this page exists

Sepsis kills tens of thousands of people a year in the UK, and a large share of those deaths involve a delay in recognising it. It is not a rare tropical thing. It follows ordinary infections: a chest infection, a urine infection, a cut that got dirty, flu, an abscess, a burn.

The problem is that it looks like ordinary illness until quite suddenly it does not. People die having been seen, having been assessed, having been told it was probably a virus.

In a household without easy access to care, the recognition burden falls entirely on you, and any infected wound in the wound care pages can lead here.

What sepsis actually is

The body's response to an infection turning on the body itself. The immune reaction becomes systemic: blood pressure falls, circulation to the skin and organs is reduced, and organs begin to fail.

Three consequences that matter practically:

Adult red flags

"I feel like I'm going to die" is on that list because it is diagnostically real, not because it is dramatic. It comes up repeatedly in sepsis accounts and it is worth taking at face value in a way you would not with most complaints. If someone says it, act on it.

Mottled skin looks like a purplish or bluish lacy, marbled pattern, most often on the knees, legs, arms or trunk. It means the circulation to the skin is shutting down. It is a late and serious sign.

Passing no urine is easy to miss because nobody is watching. Ask directly: when did you last go?

Children five and over

Babies and children under five

The glass test

For any rash, in anyone.

Press the side of a clear drinking glass firmly against the rash. Most rashes fade under pressure and reappear when you lift it. A rash that stays visible through the glass does not blanch, and a non-blanching rash is a medical emergency.

Two things people get wrong:

Check on pale skin and dark skin differently: on darker skin, look at paler areas, the palms and soles, the abdomen, the inside of the eyelids and the roof of the mouth.

Say the word

Trust the trajectory over the snapshot. The strongest signal in sepsis is not any single measurement, it is that someone is getting worse, quickly, and is worse than you have seen them with an ordinary illness. A parent's or partner's sense that "this is different" is a genuinely valuable clinical signal and is treated as one.

If no help is reachable